Skip to main content

What Happens If I Default on a Student Loan?

If you keep missing payments, your loan can go into default—and that’s where things get serious.

Updated over a month ago

Defaulting can lead to:

  • Credit damage

  • Wage garnishment

  • Loss of access to repayment programs

  • Legal action

If you're in default, you’re not eligible for income-driven repayment—but get back on track with these three options.

When Does a Loan Go Into Default?

It depends on the type of federal loan:

  • Direct Loans or FFEL Loans: You're in default after 270 days of non-payment.

  • Perkins Loans: The loan can go into default immediately after a missed due date, depending on the loan holder.


⚠️ Consequences of Default

Defaulting on your student loan can trigger a chain reaction that affects your finances, job, and future access to aid:

  • Full balance due immediately (this is called “acceleration”)

  • Wage garnishment — your paycheck could be docked

  • Tax refunds and benefits withheld (Treasury offset)

  • No more deferment, forbearance, or new federal aid

  • Your credit score will take a hit

  • You may be sued and charged court costs, legal fees, and collection fees

  • You could lose access to transcripts from your school

And fixing your credit afterward? It could take years.


🛠 If You’re in Default, Act Fast

If you’ve defaulted, don’t ignore it. Contact the organization that notified you right away. The sooner you act, the more options you may have to resolve it—learn more about what you can do next here.

Not sure what to do next? Relief is here to help guide you. Reach out to us!

Did this answer your question?